50 Schilling 1986, Austria
| in Krause book | Number: 149 |
| Years of issue: | 02.01.1986 (1987) |
| Edition: | -- |
| Signatures: | Generalrat: Dr. Erich Göttlicher, Präsident: Dr. Stefan Koren, Generaldirektor: Dr. Heinz Kienzl |
| Serie: | 1983 - 1988 Issue |
| Specimen of: | 02.01.1986 |
| Material: | Cotton fiber |
| Size (mm): | 130 х 65 |
| Printer: | Oesterreichische Banknoten und Sicherheitsdruck, Wien |
* All pictures marked 
are increased partially by magnifying glass, the remaining open in full size by clicking on the image.
** The word "Specimen" is present only on some of electronic pictures, in accordance with banknote images publication rules of appropriate banks.
Description
Watermark:
Federal coat of arms and parallel vertical lines.
Avers:
The engraving based on photo of Sigmund Freud on cover of "Life" magazine, issued in 1922. The photo made by photographer from Hamburg Max Halberstadt in 1921.
Sigmund Freud (born Sigismund Schlomo Freud, 6 May 1856 - 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist, now known as the father of psychoanalysis.
Freud qualified as a doctor of medicine at the University of Vienna in 1881, and then carried out research into cerebral palsy, aphasia and microscopic neuroanatomy at the Vienna General Hospital. Upon completing his habilitation in 1895, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology in the same year and became an extraordinary professor (professor extraordinarius) in 1902.
In creating psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst, Freud developed therapeutic techniques such as the use of free association and discovered transference, establishing its central role in the analytic process. Freud’s redefinition of sexuality to include its infantile forms led him to formulate the Oedipus complex as the central tenet of psychoanalytical theory. His analysis of dreams as wish-fulfillments provided him with models for the clinical analysis of symptom formation and the mechanisms of repression as well as for elaboration of his theory of the unconscious as an agency disruptive of conscious states of mind. Freud postulated the existence of libido, an energy with which mental processes and structures are invested and which generates erotic attachments, and a death drive, the source of repetition, hate, aggression and neurotic guilt. In his later work Freud developed a wide-ranging interpretation and critique of religion and culture.
Psychoanalysis remains influential within psychotherapy, within some areas of psychiatry, and across the humanities. As such, it continues to generate extensive and highly contested debate with regard to its therapeutic efficacy, its scientific status, and whether it advances or is detrimental to the feminist cause. Nonetheless, Freud's work has suffused contemporary Western thought and popular culture. In the words of W. H. Auden's poetic tribute, by the time of Freud's death in 1939, he had become "a whole climate of opinion / under whom we conduct our different lives".
Bottom left of the portrait is the bust of sphinx from the myth about Oedipus, as a symbol of the Freudian concept of the Oedipus complex, the Sphinx is depicted from the myth of Oedipus (by the way, Egyptology was the second area of Freud's interests).
Fame's fame was brought by his theory of psychoanalysis, the so-called Freudianism, formed in the system of views.
Freudianism is a doctrine in psychology that explains the phenomena of the psychic and social life of people with unconscious inclinations.
The main role in the formation of character and his pathologies, he attributed the experiences of early childhood (the concept of the Oedipus complex). Freud published a large number of works that had a huge impact on the development of such areas of knowledge as psychology, sociology, philosophy.
Oedipus (Ancient Greek: Οἰδίπους Oidípous meaning "swollen foot") was a mythical Greek king of Thebes. A tragic hero in Greek mythology, Oedipus accidentally fulfilled a prophecy that he would end up killing his father and marrying his mother, thereby bringing disaster to his city and family.
The story of Oedipus is the subject of Sophocles' tragedy Oedipus Rex, which was followed by Oedipus at Colonus and then Antigone. Together, these plays make up Sophocles' three Theban plays. Oedipus represents two enduring themes of Greek myth and drama: the flawed nature of humanity and an individual's role in the course of destiny in a harsh universe.
In the most well-known version of the myth, Oedipus was born to King Laius and Queen Jocasta. Laius wished to thwart a prophecy, so he left Oedipus to die on a mountainside. However, the baby was found by shepherds and raised by King Polybus and Queen Merope as their own. Oedipus learned from the oracle at Delphi of the prophecy that he would end up killing his father and marrying his mother but, unaware of his true parentage, believed he was fated to murder Polybus and marry Merope, so left for Thebes. On his way he met an older man and quarrelled, and Oedipus killed the stranger. Continuing on to Thebes, he found that the king of the city (Laius) had been recently killed, and that the city was at the mercy of the Sphinx. Oedipus answered the monster's riddle correctly, defeating it and winning the throne of the dead king - and the hand in marriage of the king's widow, and (unbeknownst to him) his mother Jocasta.
Years later, to end a plague on Thebes, Oedipus searched to find who had killed Laius, and discovered that he himself was responsible. Jocasta, upon realizing that she had married both her own son, and her husband's murderer, hanged herself. Oedipus then seized two pins from her dress and blinded himself with them.
The legend of Oedipus has been retold in many versions, and was used by Sigmund Freud to name and give mythic precedent to the Oedipus complex. 
Top left is a coat of arms.
The current coat of arms of Austria, albeit without the broken chains, has been in use by the Republic of Austria since 1919. Between 1934 and the German annexation in 1938 Austria used a different coat of arms, which consisted of a double-headed eagle. The establishment of the Second Republic in 1945 saw the return of the original (First Republic) arms, with broken chains added to symbolise Austria's liberation.
The blazon of the Federal Arms of the Republic of Austria reads:
Gules a fess Argent, escutcheon on the breast of an eagle displayed Sable, langued Gules, beaked Or, crowned with a mural crown of three visible merlons Or, armed Or, dexter talon holding sickle, sinister talon holding hammer, both talons shackled with chain broken Argent.
The symbols and emblems used in the Austrian arms are as follows:
The Eagle: Austria's sovereignty (introduced 1919)
The escutcheon Emblem of Austria (late Middle Ages, reintroduced 1915)
The mural crown: The middle class (introduced 1919)
The sickle: Agriculture (introduced 1919)
The Hammer: Industry (introduced 1919)
The broken chains: Liberation from National Socialist dictatorship (added 1945).
Denominations in numerals are in three corners. In words top, centered.
Revers:
The "Josephinum" museum, where in addition to the exhibits is the Museum-apartment of Sigmund Freud. Since 1920 the building belongs to the Department of the History of Medicine and Pharmacology of the Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna, where Sigmund Freud once studied.
Josephinum, a medical/surgical academy in the 9th district of Vienna for the training of military doctors (also called Josephs-Akademie), founded by Joseph II in 1785. Closed from 1849-1854, then reopened. Remained an educational establishment for army doctors until 1874. After the introduction of the Doctor of Medicine degree in 1872, the partial qualification of the Josephinum diploma was no longer valid. The Josephinum building, built in 1783-1785 in neo- classic style according to plans by Isidor Canevale, with a fountain (Hygieiabrunnen) by J. M. Fischer in the courtyard (Ehrenhof), was used for courses for army doctors in the years 1875-1883, and for a school of applied medicine for military doctors from 1900 to 1918. Today it houses, among other institutions, the Institute of Medical History, with an impressive collection of anatomical and obstetrical wax models (from 1920 onwards).
In 1785 Emperor Joseph II founded the medical-surgical Academy to educate physicians and midwives for civil and military service according to a new method of medical teaching.
Also the famous collection of anatomical and obstetrical wax models can be traced back to an initiative by Emperor Joseph II. These models were made under the supervision of the anatomist Paolo Mascagni in Florence between 1784 and 1788. After laborious transport, the 1,192 different wax specimens finally came to Vienna. Today the collection is housed in six rooms at the Josephinum.
Three of these rooms, divided into the anatomical areas of tendons and muscles, heart, blood and lymph vessels, intestines, brain, spinal chord and sensory organs, can be visited during normal opening hours. Also to be visited during normal opening hours are the exhibition rooms on the first floor. These house an historic and architectural introduction to the Josephinum, parts of the instrument collection as well as temporary exhibitions with reference to the Josephinum and the collections. (Welcome to Vienna!)
On Josephinums fronton in an inscription in Latin language:
"PROVIDENTIA ET AUSPICIIS
IMP. CAES. IOSEPHI II
P.F.
SCHOLA ANATOMICO MEDICO CHIRURGICA
MILITUM VULNERIBUS ET MORBIS CURANDIS SANANDISQUE INSTITUTA
OMNI SUPELLECTILE SALUTARIS ARTIS QUE MANU MEDETUR INSTRUCTA."
Anno R. S. MDCCLXXXV (1785)."
In English: "By virtue of the wisdom and disposition / of Emperor Caesar Joseph II / Anatomical Medical Surgical School / (was) established to take care and heal soldiers' wounds and diseases / with any mean of the medical art which cures with experienced hands."
Denominations in numerals are in three corners. In words lower, centered.
Comments:
Issued at January 2, 1986.
Put into circulation on October 19, 1987.
Designer: Robert Kalina.
Robert Kalina (born 29 June 1955) is an Austrian designer. For the National Bank of Austria he created the T 382 design, which was the winning design of the 1996 competition for the art shown on the euro banknotes. Kalina's design was chosen by the EMI Council (European Monetary Institute) on 3 December 1996. Kalina also designed the banknotes for the Azerbaijani manat, the 2010 series of the Syrian Pound and the Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark.
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