5 Kroner 1958, Denmark
| in Krause book | Number: 42k |
| Years of issue: | 1958 |
| Edition: | -- |
| Signatures: | Svend Andersen, Riim |
| Serie: | Famous personalities and landscapes |
| Specimen of: | 1950 |
| Material: | Cotton fiber |
| Size (mm): | 125 х 65 |
| Printer: | Banknote Printing Works and The Royal Danish Mint, Copenhagen |
* All pictures marked 
are increased partially by magnifying glass, the remaining open in full size by clicking on the image.
** The word "Specimen" is present only on some of electronic pictures, in accordance with banknote images publication rules of appropriate banks.
Description
Watermark:
Repeated denominations "5".
Avers:
On the left side is the portrait of danish sculptor and painter Bertel Thorvaldsen. The engraving on banknote made from the portrait by his friend and colleague, the Danish history painter, C. W. Eckersberg (1783-1853). Eckersberg painted Thorvaldsen in Rome in 1814, during the three year period the artists spent studying and working in Italy. It shows the artist sitting elegantly, hands folded across his knees, in front of a classical frieze. Today portrait is in Torvaldsens Museum, in Copenhagen.
(Karl Albert) Bertel Thorvaldsen (19 November 1770 - 24 March 1844) was a Danish sculptor of international fame, who spent most of his life (1789-1838) in Italy. Thorvaldsen was born in Copenhagen into a Danish/Icelandic family of humble means, and was accepted to the Royal Danish Academy of Art when he was eleven years old. Working part-time with his father, who was a wood carver, Thorvaldsen won many honors and medals at the academy. He was awarded a stipend to travel to Rome and continue his education.
In Rome Thorvaldsen quickly made a name for himself as a sculptor. Maintaining a large workshop in the city, he worked in a heroic neo-classicist style. His patrons resided all over Europe.
Upon his return to Denmark in 1838, Thorvaldsen was received as a national hero. The Thorvaldsen Museum was erected to house his works next to Christiansborg Palace. Thorvaldsen is buried within the courtyard of the museum. In his time, he was seen as the successor of master sculptor Antonio Canova. His strict adherence to classical norms has tended to estrange modern audiences. Among his more famous works are the statues of Nicolaus Copernicus and Józef Poniatowski in Warsaw; the statue of Maximilian I in Munich; and the tomb monument of Pope Pius VII, the only work by a non-Italian in St. Peter's Basilica. 
On the right side is the famous sculpture by Thorvaldsen - "The Three Graces".
the sketch of the sculpture by Thorvaldsen of the 3 Graces from 1817 - also called the three goddesses of joy, charm and beauty.
The size of the sculpture, which is depicted on banknote - 58 centimeters. Gypsum, a sketch made in 1817.
On website tilbygningen.dk is stated, that this sketch belongs to Thorvaldsen Museum, but I did not see it on exposition.
Later I did found, that this sketch is in Thorvaldsens Museum archive. You can see it here arkivet.thorvaldsensmuseum.dk.
The museum has two marble sculptures and copies (on different floors). But both were different from sculpture on the banknote - not much, but there are elements of distinction.
In the museum are two of several versions of this sculpture, made by Thorvaldsen.
Denominations in numerals are in all corners and big, in center. In words also in center.
Revers:
The view at Kalundborg. It is a Danish main town of the municipality of the same name and the site of its municipal council. It is situated on the northwestern coast of the largest Danish island, Zealand, on the opposite, eastern side of which lies Copenhagen, 110 km. (68 mi.) away.
Kalundborg is famous as the location of a large broadcasting facility, the Kalundborg transmitter. The city is also home to the largest coal-fired power station in Denmark.
It is is a mainly trading and industrial town, but is also well known for the beautiful five-spired Church of Our Lady, which is closely associated with King Valdemar I and the famous Archbishop Absalon. The church itself is said to have been built by Absalon's brother, Esbern Snare.
Kalundborg is also the traditional seat of the aristocratic Lerche family. Their stately home, Lerchenborg, the best example of rococo architecture in Denmark, can be seen in the town's outskirts.
And is the birthplace of the Norwegian Nobel laureate author Sigrid Undset, who lived there during the first two years of her life, before her parents emigrated to Norway in 1884.
Centered is The Church of Our Lady.
The church is built of red brick, indicating that it was constructed no earlier than 1170 when brick was first used in Denmark. Coincidentally, this is also the date of nearby Esbern Snare's castle, the site's first fortification. The architectural design, however, would indicate a rather later date, possibly in the first three decades of the 13th century.
At the time when the church was built, a small medieval town stood on the hill. It was originally fortified by Snare's castle but this was replaced in the 14th century by Kalundborg Castle, now in ruins, with its ring walls and ditches. Much of this has now disappeared but the old churchyard walls are still intact. Two brick houses from 1500 form part of the boundary walls and a few brick houses near the church are evidence of the prosperity the town enjoyed in the 15th century.
The central tower of the church collapsed in 1827 due to structural flaws and incautious repairs inside the church. Collapse did not cause any injuries but many medieval furnishings were destroyed .
As the church had fallen into a state of disrepair by the beginning of the 19th century, restoration work was carried out first from 1867 to 1871 under the leadership of Vilhelm Tvedes when the central tower was rebuilt, and later from 1917 to 1921 when the three entrances and the windows were reconstructed under architects Andreas and Mogens Clemmensen. From the square nave, four arms of equal length stretch out to a polygon terminal. These proportions have been compared to the description of the New Jerusalem in the Book of Revelation. While the original barrel vaults of the transepts are still in place, the columns in the nave and the vaults have been reconstructed.
The medieval sacristy (1400) along the north wall of the chancel is well preserved. In about 1500 it was given an upper storey.
The plan is in the form of a Greek cross with four arms of equal length. The window arches as well as the pilasters and sunken columns inside the church suggest the involvement of Lombard builders from northern Italy. It is said to be Denmark's most important contribution to architecture during the Middle Ages.
The church's central tower, known as Mary's tower (after the Virgin Mary), is 44 m tall and square-shaped while the four lateral towers, each 34 m tall, are octagonal. The other towers are also named after saints: St. Anne's to the east, St. Gertrude's to the west, St. Mary Magdalene's to the south and St. Catherine's to the north. The four columns supporting the central tower are made of granite, providing additional strength. With five towers in all, the church is unique.
The architecture reveals similarities with the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, as well as with grouped towers in the great churches of France and the Rhineland. In particular, both the church's age and its architectural style have much in common with Tournai Cathedral in the south of Belgium. The masonry, on the other hand, is comparable to that of other early brick buildings in the area such as St. Bendt's Church in Ringsted.
Denominations in numerals are in all corners.
Comments:
Obverse designer: Gunnar Andersen.
Reverse designer: Ib Andersen.
All Danish banknotes issued since 1945, remain in force and will be exchanged at face value by the Danish National Bank.
On reverse of many danish banknotes presents this inscription: "UDSTEDT I HENHOLD TILL LOV AF 7 APRIL 1936".
It is translated as: "Issued under the law of April 7, 1936".
Danmarks Nationalbank was established in 1818 to restore the monetary system after the state bankruptcy in 1813. Danmarks Nationalbank became an independent institution in 1936, and the current legal basis for its activities is from the same year.
Among other things, the Danmarks Nationalbank Act states that the objective of Danmarks Nationalbank is to maintain a safe and secure currency system, and to facilitate and regulate the traffic in money and the extension of credit. Danmarks Nationalbank's monetary policy is determined independently of the Parliament (Folketinget) and government. (Danmarks Nationalbank dan.)
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