1/4 Rial 1989, Oman
| in Krause book | Number: 24 |
| Years of issue: | 1989 |
| Edition: | |
| Signatures: | Sultan of Oman: Sultan Qaboos bin Said |
| Serie: | Fourth Series |
| Specimen of: | 1987 |
| Material: | Cotton fiber |
| Size (mm): | 135 x 68 |
| Printer: | TDLR (Thomas de la Rue & Company), London |
* All pictures marked 
are increased partially by magnifying glass, the remaining open in full size by clicking on the image.
** The word "Specimen" is present only on some of electronic pictures, in accordance with banknote images publication rules of appropriate banks.
Description
Watermark:
The Sultan of Oman Qaboos bin Said Al Said.
Security thread.
Avers:
The notes of the fourth issue are distinct from previous issues by displaying the portrait of Sultan Qaboos on all denominations and carrying enhanced security features. This issue is also peculiar in that each denomination has been introduced as required, rather than all at once, with the 50-rial notes being introduced in 1985 and the 5-rial note being the last denomination introduced in 1990.
The portrait of the Sultan is the dominant feature on each note, with the portrait being the same on all notes save the 100 baisa – where the portrait is slightly more "full face". Not only is the portrait now the dominant feature, it is also the watermark and the major fluorescent device on each note.
Qaboos bin Said Al Said ( قابوس بن سعيد آل سعيد, born 18 November 1940, Salalah, Oman, dies 10 January 2020) was the Sultan of Oman and its Dependencies. He rose to power after overthrowing his father, Said bin Taimur, in a palace coup in 1970. He is the 14th-generation descendant of the founder of the Al Bu Sa'idi dynasty.
By combining the Imamat of Oman and the Muscat Sultanate in a single state, the Sultan then, with the support of Great Britain and Shah's Iran, managed to defeat the insurgency in Dhofar. In November 1996, Sultan Qaboos signed the first Basic Law (Constitution) of Oman. 
On top is the national emblem of Oman (شعار سلطنة عمان). It is an insignia consisting of a khanjar inside its sheath that is superimposed upon two crossed swords. Adopted in the XVIII century as the badge of the Omani royal family, it subsequently became the national emblem of the Sultanate of Oman. The emblem is featured at the canton on the Flag of Oman.
The national emblem was first designed in the mid-18th century, when it was adopted as the royal crest of the Al Said dynasty. Its usage was expanded when it subsequently became the national emblem of the sultanate. This occurred during the reign of either Faisal bin Turki (1888-1913) or Taimur bin Feisal (1913-1932). The emblem was later incorporated onto the canton of the country's national flag in 1970. Moreover, in order to distinguish "directly royal entities" and create a distinct symbol for these organizations, a crown was added to the top of the national emblem. This modified insignia is utilized on the badges of all branches of Sultan's Armed Forces, including the Royal Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force, Royal Guard, and Royal Oman Police - among many others.
According to the Omani Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the khanjar - along with the two crossed swords - symbolize the historic weapons utilized by the people of Oman. They are attached together by an embellished horse-bit at the center. The khanjar itself is a national symbol of the sultanate, and is still worn by Omani men as a "ceremonial dagger" for formal occasions. It is a ceremonial dagger with its abundantly decorated sheath, traditionally made of rhinoceros-horn, highly appreciated in the arab world and for that reason contributes substantially to the extinction of the rhinoceros in Africa.
Denominations are in top corners, centered in words.
Revers:
Fishing industry in Oman. Most likely, on banknote depicted tuna fish.
Fishing boats leaving small villages at sunset are a common sight for the Sultanate of Oman. In the early morning, sellers and buyers of freshly caught fish gather in small ports.
And although this has been happening in the state for centuries, local fishermen are now observing a process of significant change. Until the beginning of the 70s, many industries in the country remained undeveloped, fish was one of the main foodstuffs for a small population, and fish exports to Africa, India and Sri Lanka brought good income.
The discovery of oil and gas fields, the change of leadership led to population growth and the recognition of the great export potential of fish and seafood. Warehouses, processing plants and trading companies were built along the coast, more than 20 of which export their products to Europe, Japan and the countries of the Persian region.
The coast of the Sultanate of Oman extends for more than 3,000 kilometers, from the Persian Gulf in the north to the borders with Yemen in the south.
The southern part of the coast of Oman is affected by the northeastern monsoon wind, which drives the Somali current into the Indian Ocean, forming the main system of upwelling currents.
As a result, cold, mineral-rich water is located near the surface, while marine productivity increases, which favorably affects the development of the country's fishing industry. The industry is based on fishing for large and small pelagic species, tropical and bottom fish species.
More than 85% of the catch in Oman is loaded by small vessels, which number more than 12,000. The remaining 15% of the catch comes from fishing at sea, carried out by trawlers and longlines of Korea, China, the island of Taiwan together with Omani companies.
Most of the internal fleet is made up of fiberglass vessels 4 to 8 meters long. Usually they use gill nets, traps, tiers and hand tiers. In the southern part of the country, skiffs up to 9 meters long and single mast vessels up to 23 meters long are also used.
The crew of small vessels consists of 1-3 people, usually fishing lasts no more than one day. The crew of large single mast ships usually consists of 7-12 people, and can make transitions lasting up to 8 weeks. There is no equipment on ships, so most of the fish operations are manual.
In the fishery for small pelagic species, zakidnaya net is widely used. For centuries, anchovies, mackerel and sardines were caught and dried right on the beach under the sun. After this, the fish is usually transported to the premises and used as livestock feed.
Now fishermen have the opportunity to transport fresh fish to Dubai and sell it there at better prices for further processing. As a result of this, the amount of fish produced for feed is gradually decreasing.
There are several canneries in the country, and in addition, there is a small factory specializing in drying and packaging small pelagic species and sharks for the domestic market. Dried products can be purchased at any market throughout the country.
Fish is a staple food in Oman. The Sultanate of Oman is one of the countries in the world with the highest level of fish consumption per capita (34 kg. Per year).
Until recently, most of the fish in the state was sold directly to fishermen in ports or in open markets where fish were brought by truck.
Fresh fish is in great demand not only among citizens of the country, but also among numerous emigrants, suppliers of restaurants and hotels working in the tourism business. (Oman Fisheries Overview .rus)
Denominations are in top corners, lower centered in words.
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