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10 Kroner 1971, Norway

in Krause book Number: 31f
Years of issue: 1971
Edition: 654 400 000 (all years)
Signatures: Direksjonens Formann: Knut Getz Wold (in office 1970-1985), Hovedkasserer: Bernt-Arne Ødegaard
Serie: Fourth Series
Specimen of: 1954
Material: Cotton fiber
Size (mm): 125 х 70
Printer: Norges Bank, Oslo (till 2008)

* All pictures marked magnify are increased partially by magnifying glass, the remaining open in full size by clicking on the image.

** The word "Specimen" is present only on some of electronic pictures, in accordance with banknote images publication rules of appropriate banks.

10 Kroner 1971

Description

Watermark:

watermark

Repeated denomination numerals 10.

Avers:

10 Kroner 1971

Peter Michelsen

The engraving on banknote made from charcoal sketch by Erik Werenskiold.

This image is, probably, made from this photo of prime-minister of Norway, Peter Christian Michelsen, 1905, by Hilffing Rasmussen and Jens Carl Frederik. Today it is in Oslo Museum.

Peter Christian Hersleb Kjerschow Michelsen (15 March 1857 - 29 June 1925) was a Norwegian shipping magnate and statesman. He was the first Prime Minister of an independent Norway from 1905 to 1907. Michelsen is most known for his central role in the dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden in 1905, and was one of Norway's most influential politicians of his time.

coat Norway

Under his portrait is the coat of arms of Norway.

A golden lion on a red shield was adopted in or before the early part of the XIII century. In the late part of the same century, a silver axe was added. In continuous use since then, the coat of arms is one of the oldest state coats of arms in the world.

The official blazon is: Gules, a lion rampant or, crowned or and bearing an axe with blade argent.

Among the state coats of arms that are still in use today, the Coat of Arms of Norway is among the oldest in Europe and even world-wide. It is known since the early XIII century, when it served as the coat of arms of the kings of the Sverre dynasty. It is told that Sverre, who was King between 1184 and 1202, had a lion in his coat of arms. This coat of arms appears in 1225, when it was used by Earl Skule Bårdsson, who had relations to the royal family. A coat of arms with a lion was also used by Haakon the Young Haakonson, who was King between 1240 and 1257. This was in 1250. Haakon the Young's father, King Haakon the Old Haakonson, had a lion in his seal. This lion, however, does not appear in a coat of arms, but in the shape of a small lion which lies between the King's feet. This might be the same lion that Earl Skule and Haakon the Young used in their seals. On the other hand, lions were a frequently used symbol of kings and royal power.

Snorre Sturlason claims that a golden lion on a red background was used already in 1103 by King Magnus III, the son of King Olav III. In 1894, historian Gustav Storm concluded that this is ahistorical. Storm explained that the claimed lion in King Magnus's coat of arms is unknown both in the older Saga literature and in other contemporary sources. It is possible that Snorre, who wrote under the instruction of the King, attributed King Sverre's coat of arms to earlier Kings of Norway.

Approximately in 1280, either King Magnus VI (dead in 1280) or the guardianship of his son Eric Magnuson let the lion be equipped with a crown of gold and in the foremost paws an axe of silver. The axe was a symbol of Saint Olaf, i.e. King Olaf II, and by inserting it into the coat of arms it was symbolised that the King was the rightful heir and descendant of the "Eternal King of Norway" (Latin: Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae).

Along the lower edge of the banknote are the six seagulls, flying above the waves.

Denomination in numeral and in words is centered.

Revers:

10 Kroner 1971

"Ship making headway" from drawing by Henrik Sørensen, a Norwegian painter.

Left, more to the center is god Mercury.

He is a major Roman god, being one of the Dii Consentes within the ancient Roman pantheon. He is the patron god of financial gain, commerce, eloquence (and thus poetry), messages/communication (including divination), travelers, boundaries, luck, trickery and thieves, he is also the guide of souls to the underworld. He was considered the son of Maia and Jupiter in Roman mythology. His name is possibly related to the Latin word merx ("merchandise", compare merchant, commerce, etc.), mercari (to trade), and merces (wages). In his earliest forms, he appears to have been related to the Etruscan deity Turms, both of which share characteristics with the Greek god Hermes. In Virgil's Aeneid, Mercury reminds Aeneas of his mission to found the city of Rome. In Ovid's Fasti, Mercury is assigned to escort the nymph Larunda to the underworld. Mercury, however, fell in love with Larunda and made love to her on the way. Larunda thereby became mother to two children, referred to as the Lares, invisible household gods.

Mercury has influenced the name of many things in a variety of scientific fields, such as the planet Mercury, and the element mercury. The word mercurial is commonly used to refer to something or someone erratic, volatile or unstable, derived from Mercury's swift flights from place to place. He is often depicted holding the caduceus in his left hand.

Denomination in numeral and in words is at the lower part of banknote.

Comments:

Invalid from 13.07.1999.

Work on this banknote series began before the Second World War. In 1930, an artistic competition was held to design a new banknote series, but the war put a stop to its realisation. Since none of the winning designs were deemed suitable, the architect Arnstein Arneberg was engaged as an artistic collaborator.

The series was to feature portraits of prominent Norwegians from the recent past on the obverse, with illustrations of the most important industries on the reverse. The engravings for the 10-krone and 100-krone banknotes were done before the war by the firm Thomas de la Rue in London, while the other banknotes in the series were engraved by Henry Welde, a graphic designer at Norges Bank's Printing Works.