10 Somoni 2017, Tajikistan
| in Krause book | Number: 23 |
| Years of issue: | 2017 |
| Edition: | |
| Signatures: | President of Tajikistan: Эмомали Раҳмон, Chairman of the National Bank of the Republic of Tajikistan: Джамшед Нурмахмадзода |
| Serie: | 2000 Issue |
| Specimen of: | 1999 |
| Material: | Cotton fiber |
| Size (mm): | 147 x 65 |
| Printer: | Giesecke und Devrient GmbH, Leipzig |
* All pictures marked 
are increased partially by magnifying glass, the remaining open in full size by clicking on the image.
** The word "Specimen" is present only on some of electronic pictures, in accordance with banknote images publication rules of appropriate banks.
Description
Watermark:
Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani. Please, read obverse description!
Avers:
Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani (Persian: میر سید علی همدانی; c. 1312–1384 CE) was a Sufi Muslim saint of the Kubrawiya order, Persian scholar and poet. He was born in Hamadan, Iran and preached Islam in Central Asia and Kashmir as he travelled to practice Sufism. He died in Kashmir and was buried in Khatlan, Tajikistan in 1384 CE, aged 71–72. Hamadani was also addressed honorifically throughout his life as the Shāh-e-Hamadān ("King of Hamadan"), Amīr-i Kabīr ("the Great Commander"), and Ali Sani ("second Ali").
The title "Sayyid" indicates that he was a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, possibly from both sides of his family.
Hamadani spent his early years under the tutelage of Ala ud-Daula Simnani, a famous Kubrawiya saint from Semnan, Iran. Despite his teacher's opposition to Ibn Arabi's explication of the wahdat al-wujud ("unity of existence"), Hamadani wrote Risala-i-Wujudiyya, a tract in defense of that doctrine, as well as two commentaries on Fusus al-Hikam, Ibn Arabi's work on Al-Insān al-Kāmil. Hamadani is credited with introducing the philosophy of Ibn-Arabi to South Asia.
Sayyid Ali Hamadani traveled widely and preached Islam in different parts of the world such as Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, China, Syria, Kashmir and Turkestan.
The third visit of Sayyid 'Ali was caused by the third invasion of Persia by Timur in 1383 when he conquered 'Iraq, and decided to exterminate the 'Alavi Sayyids of Hamadan who, until his time, had played an important part in local affairs. Sayyid 'Ali, therefore, left Hamadan with 700 Sayyids, and set out towards Kashmir where he expected to be safe from the wrath of Timur. He had already sent two of his followers: Syed Taj ud-din Semnani and Mir Syed Hasan Semnani, to take stock of the situation. Shibu'd-din became a follower of Mir Syed Hasan Semnani and so Hamadani was welcomed in Kashmir by the king and his heir apparent Qutub ud-Din. At that time, the Kashmiri ruler was at war with Firuz Shah Tughlaq, the Sultan of Delhi, but Hamdani brokered a peace. Hamdani stayed in Kashmir for six months. After Sharaf-ud-Din Abdul Rehman Bulbul Shah, he was the second important Muslim to visit Kashmir. Hamadani went to Mecca, and then returned to Kashmir in 1379/80 CE, during the reign of Qutub ud-Din, and spent a year spreading Islam in Kashmir, before returning to Turkestan via Ladakh in 1381/82 CE. He returned to Kashmir for the third time in 1383/84 CE with the intention of staying for a longer period but had to return earlier owing to illness. Hamadani died on his way back to Central Asia at a site close to the present day town of Mansehra in North-West Pakistan. His body was carried by his disciples to Kulab, Tajikistan, where his shrine is located.
Hamadani started organised efforts to convert Kashmir to Islam. Hamadani is regarded as having brought various crafts and industries from Iran into Kashmir notably carpet weaving; it is said that he brought 700 Syed's with him to the country. The growth of the textile industry in Kashmir increased its demand for fine wool, which in turn meant that Kashmiri Muslim groups settled in Ladakh,bringing with them crafts such as minting and writing.
Hamadani wrote a book on politics, governance and social behaviour, called the Zakhirat ul-Muluk. 
The emblem of the National Bank of Tajikistan is in top right corner.
The emblem of the National Bank of Tajikistan shows three snow-capped ridges - Alai, Zaalaysky Mountains and the Pamirs (same as on the coat of arms).
The State Emblem of Tajikistan is on top, left of center.
It is a modified version of the original emblem of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic that was in use until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
The crown at the center of the emblem is the same as the Tajik national flag, and refers to the Persian word taj, meaning crown, from which the name of the Tajik people is said to be derived, according to one interpretation. The base of the emblem contains a representation of a book and the Pamir Mountains. The emblem is flanked by cotton on one side and wheat on the other, as well a banner of the national red-white-green colors of Tajikistan is wrapped around the cotton and wheat.
According to M.Revnivtsev, the "crown", depicted in the center of the national flag and coat of arms in the upper part of Tajikistan, includes three stylized fixtures - three sacred inextinguishable fire that are the subject of religious worship in the Zoroastrian temples. A central element of "crown" symbolizes the world mountain Hara, located in the center of the world, and the curved arc of gold at the bottom of the emblem represents "retaliation bridge" Chinvat, where the Day of Judgment Zarathustra will separate the righteous from the wicked soul.
Seven gold five-pointed stars, according M.Revnivtsev, represent one of the basic concepts of Zoroastrianism - the seven good spirits Amesha Spenta - incarnation and inner circle of the supreme god Ahura Mazda (Ormuzd). Located along the arc of a circle of gold stars form Farn - sun shining beginning, the divine fire, its material emanation from analogue halo of Christian saints.
21 sunbeam - repeated three times in the group at 7-rays - represent the three emanations of Ahura Mazda with 7 good spirits Amesha Spenta.
Golden Mountains with silver tops - snow-capped ridges Alai, Zaalaysky Mountains and the Pamirs.
Wheat ears - a symbol of agriculture and settled life, inherited, like the rising sun, the emblem of the Soviet Union.
Although, left of center is the line with Tajik national ornament (pattern).
Centered are the ink tray and paper.
Revers:
Mausoleum of Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadoni (XIV-XVII) in the city of Kulob, Tajikistan.
Right in the center of the city of Kulyab, in a park area planted with centuries-old plane trees, is located the memorial complex of Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadoni, a poet, philosopher and thinker of the 14th century. His son Muhammad, numerous relatives, as well as the former caretaker of the mausoleum and mosque with him, Sheikh Shokhi Tolikoni from the Afghan city of Tolukana, are also buried here. The mausoleum building is a traditional medieval building. Initially, it had three portal entrances with a domed hall decorated with carved decor. This building dates from the end of the 14th century. Later a mosque and a tomb were added to it.
In the 70s of the last century, the mausoleum was restored. At the same time, the craftsmen sought to preserve the appearance of the mausoleum as it was throughout all five centuries. And they succeeded.
Next to the mausoleum is another marble tombstone with inscriptions in Arabic and Persian, decorated with geometric designs (in the lower left corner of the banknote). On the western side of the tombstone it is written that the son of the ruler of Khatlon, Amir Muhammad bin Shaikh Abdullah, is buried here. The tombstone itself, rectangular in shape, weighs about a ton. According to legend, he was brought to Kulob from India on elephants. Nowadays, the mausoleum is a place of pilgrimage for the local population and numerous visitors. (www.advantour.com .rus)
Under the image of the mausoleum - Lauch with an open book - as an attribute of Hamadoni’s activities, serving as the background for a six-line text from his work:
"Ҳар кӣ моро ёд кард, эзид мар-ӯро ёр бод,
Ҳар кӣ моро хор кард, аз умр бархурдор бод.
Ҳар кӣ андар роҳи мо хоре фиканд аз душанӣ,
Ҳар гуле, к-аз боғи васлаш бишкуфад бехор бод.
Дар ду олам нест моро бо касе гарди ғубор,
Ҳар кӣ моро ранҷа дорад, роҳаташ бисёр бод."
English:
"Whoever remembers us, let him help us.
Whoever humiliates us, let him enjoy life.
Whoever oppresses us in our way,
Let every flower that blooms in the garden of its blossom be fruitless.
In two worlds we are not dusted with anyone,
Whoever hurts us will be happy."
Lauch - It's hard to believe, but this complex structure is made from a piece of wood, without a single nail and without the use of glue or hinges.
Lauch (in Arabic - Rahle), as a stand for the Koran, appeared at about the same time as the Koran itself. The stand served not only for convenience when reading the Koran, but also for a more careful attitude towards the sacred and truly expensive book, which could be carried without touching it with your hands.
It must be said that not every master is able to make a Lauch, even if magnificent boxes, tables, chandeliers, screens, doors, and pieces of furniture come out from under his chisel. Making lauch is the highest aerobatics in the art of the carver. This requires a special mindset and virtuoso mastery of the instrument.
The design of the Lauch is based on precise mathematical calculations and scrupulous precision of lines, angles and bends. The slightest inaccuracy in the movement of the cutter or saw - and all the work can go down the drain. To make Lauch, hard woods are used - walnut and plane tree.
Above the building is the flag of Tajikistan.
The national flag of Tajikistan (Tajik: Парчами Тоҷикистон / پرچم تاجیکستان) was adopted in November 1992, replacing the flag of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic of 1953. It is a horizontal tricolour of red, white and green with a width ratio of 2:3:2, charged with a crown surmounted by an arc of seven stars at the center.
The tricolour preserves the choice of colours in the Tajik Soviet flag.
The middle white stripe has one-and-a-half times the width of the red and green stripes. The red represents the unity of the nation; the green represents the fertile valleys, while the white represents both the snow and ice of the mountains and the colour of cotton.
The crown and stars are set in a rectangle taking up 80% of the flag's total width. The crown represents the Tajik people, as the name Tajik is connected with Persian tâj "crown" in popular etymology.
In lower right corner is a text: "БАРОИ ҚАЛБАКӢ СОХТАНИ БИЛЕТҲОИ БОНКИ МИЛЛИИ ТОҶИКИСТОН МУВОФИҚИ ҚОНУН ҶАЗО ДОДА МЕШОВАД".
In English:" Counterfeit banknotes of the National Bank of Tajikistan shall be punished in accordance with the law."
Comments:
The somoni (Tajik: cомонӣ) is the currency of Tajikistan. It is subdivided into 100 diram (Tajik: дирам). The currency is named after the father of the Tajik nation, Ismail Samani (also spelled Ismoil Somoni).
The somoni was introduced on 30 October 2000; it replaced the Tajikistani ruble, at the rate of 1 somoni = 1000 rubles.
The currency is divided into 100 diram for one somoni. Diram banknotes were first introduced on 30 October 2000 to start the currency off and coins were introduced later in 2001 with the intention of creating a more efficient monetary system and gradually replacing the diram notes. This was also the first time circulating coins were introduced in Tajikistan.
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