5 Dinars 2018, Jordan
| in Krause book | Number: 35h |
| Years of issue: | 2018 |
| Edition: | |
| Signatures: | Governor of the Central Bank of Jordan: Dr. Ziad Fariz, Minister of Finance: Omar Malhas |
| Serie: | 2002-2020 Issue |
| Specimen of: | 2002 |
| Material: | Cotton fiber |
| Size (mm): | 137 x 74 |
| Printer: | TDLR (Thomas de la Rue & Company), London |
* All pictures marked 
are increased partially by magnifying glass, the remaining open in full size by clicking on the image.
** The word "Specimen" is present only on some of electronic pictures, in accordance with banknote images publication rules of appropriate banks.
Description
Watermark:
The King Abdullah I bin Al-Hussein in the Keffiyeh and denomination, in Arab language.
Avers:
Abdullah I bin Al-Hussein (Arabic: عبد الله الأول بن الحسين, Abd Allāh Al-Awal ibn Al-Husayn, 2 February 1882 – 20 July 1951) was the founder and ruler of the Jordanian realm from 11 April 1921 until his assassination on the 20th of July 1951. He was the Emir of Transjordan, a British protectorate, until 25 May 1946, after which he was the king of an independent Jordan. He was a 38th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad, as he belongs to the Hashemite family.
Born in Mecca, Hejaz, Ottoman Empire, Abdullah was the second of four sons of Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, and his first wife, Abdiyya bint Abdullah. He was educated in Istanbul and Hejaz. From 1909 to 1914, Abdullah sat in the Ottoman legislature, as deputy for Mecca, but allied with Britain during World War I. Between 1916 and 1918, he played a key role as architect and planner of the Great Arab Revolt against Ottoman rule that was led by his father Sharif Hussein. Abdullah personally led guerrilla raids on garrisons.
Abdullah became emir of Transjordan in April 1921, which he established by his own initiative. He became king after Transjordan was granted independence in 1946 (the country's name became simply Jordan in 1949). Abdullah ruled until 1951 when he was assassinated in Jerusalem while attending Friday prayers at the entrance of the Al-Aqsa mosque by a Palestinian who feared that the King was going to make peace with Israel. He was succeeded by his eldest son Talal. 
The keffiyeh or kufiya (Arabic: كوفية kūfiyyah, meaning "from the city of Kufa" (الكوفة); plural كوفيات kūfiyyāt), also known as a ghutrah (غُترَة), shemagh (شماغ šmāġ), ḥaṭṭah (حَطّة), mashadah (مَشَدة), chafiye (Persian: چَفیِه, dastmal yazdi (Persian: دستمال یزدی) or cemedanî (Kurdish: جه مه داني), is a traditional Middle Eastern headdress from Kufa, Iraq fashioned from a square scarf, usually made of cotton. It is typically worn by Arab people, as well as by some Mizrahi Jews and Iranic nomads (especially Kurdish people). It is commonly found in arid regions as it provides protection from sunburn, dust and sand. Toward the end of the 1980s, the keffiyeh became a fashion accessory in the United States.
For decades, keffiyeh have been issued to British soldiers who now almost exclusively refer to them as shemaghs (from Arabic شماغ šmāġ).Their use by some units and formations of the military and police forces of the former British Empire and subsequent Commonwealth dates back to before World War II.
Due to its utility it was adopted by the Palestine Police Force, the Transjordan Frontier Force, the Sudan Defence Force, the Arab Legion, the Jordanian Armed Forces, the Libyan Arab Force, and the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps.
In the North African campaign of WWII the irregular raiding and reconnaissance units of the Long Range Desert Group, the Special Air Service and "Popski's Private Army" wore them while operating in the Western Desert. After the war, their use by the Army continued with the shemagh being worn in both desert and temperate environments in theatres such as Dhofar. Australian Army forces have also used the shemagh since the Vietnam War, and extensively during Iraq and Afghanistan, particularly by Australian Special Forces units. Since the beginning of the War on Terror, these keffiyeh, usually cotton and in military olive drab or khaki with black stitching, have been adopted by US troops as well, a reversal of previous policy which saw them strictly forbidden during the Gulf War.
Their practicality in an arid environment, as in Iraq, explains their enduring popularity with soldiers. Soldiers often wear the keffiyeh folded in half into a triangle and wrapped around the face, with the halfway point being placed over the mouth and nose, sometimes coupled with goggles, to keep sand out of the face. This is also commonly done by armoured, mechanised and other vehicle-borne troops who use it as a scarf in temperate climates to ward off wind chill caused by being in moving vehicles. British soldiers deploying to Iraq or Afghanistan are now issued with a tan-colored shemagh. Keffiyeh, called chafiyeh (چفیه) in Persian, was extensively used by Iranian infantrymen in Iran–Iraq War.
In the center, in my opinion, is Abdullah I ibn Hussein in 1916-1918, when he led the Arab units that besieged the Turkish garrisons in the Hejaz. I did not find such a photo, so I am putting a photo of the times of the Arab uprising, taken in the Hejaz.
In the lower right corner, in gold foil, a coin is shown - a gold dinar of 1916 (dedicated to the Arab uprising). June 10, 1916 (9 Shaban 1334 AH) Sharif Hussein proclaimed the independence of the Arabs from Ottoman rule and declared an uprising from Mecca. He minted the gold dinar, claiming his name as the leader of the Arab Renaissance..
The Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (Arabic: المملكة الحجازية الهاشمية, Al-Mamlakah al-Ḥijāziyyah Al-Hāshimiyyah) was a state in the Hejaz region in the Middle East (modern-day western Saudi Arabia), the western portion of the Arabian Peninsula ruled by the Hashemite dynasty. It achieved national independence in June 1916 after the destruction of the Ottoman Empire by the British Empire during the First World War when the Sharif of Mecca fought in alliance with the British Imperial forces to drive the Ottoman Army from the Arabian Peninsula during the Arab Revolt.
The United Kingdom promised King Ali of Hejaz a single independent Arab state that would include modern day Syria, Iraq, Palestine and Jordan in addition to the Hejaz region. However, at the end of the First World War, the Treaty of Versailles turned Syria into a French protectorate while Iraq, Palestine and Transjordan became British Protectorates. The relations with the British Empire further deteriorated when Zionist Jews were allowed to move to Palestine. The newly independent kingdom had a brief life and then was invaded in 1924 by the neighbouring Sultanate of Nejd under a resurgent House of Saud. Nejd was much stronger and its military more advanced, and Hejaz tried to defend itself during the year-long war. In 1925, the kingdom collapsed and was conquered by Nejd, creating the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd.
On 23 September 1932, the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd joined the Saudi dominions of al-Hasa and Qatif, as the unified Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Above the gold dinar, in black, according to some sources, is the seal of Abdullah I ibn Hussein. I haven't found a photo of such seal yet. Would appreciate any help with photo.
Revers:
On the left is a coin of the Umayyad Caliphate. I have no doubts that this is it, but ... I did not find a photo of such a coin. if anyone can help find a photo of such a coin, I will be very grateful.
The building on the orange 5 Jordanian dinar note is the Ma'an Palace. It does not look like a palace because it was originally a railway building at Ma'an station until King Abdullah I bin Hussein of Jordan used it to form the first government in the new Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. After that, the modest building became known as the Ma'an Palace and the Palace of King Abdullah I in the city of Ma'an.
The oasis town of Ma'an was once one of the most important stop between Damascus and Medina on the Hejaz Railway.
The Hejaz Railway once stretched along 1,300 km. of desert between Damascus and Medina. It was financed by the world's Islamic public, and was built by the Ottoman Empire in the 1900s with German help. It's original purpose was to shorten the long and dangerous journey for pilgrims performing Hajj.
In WW1, Lawrence of Arabia would lead Arab Bedouin irregulars and attacked the railway relentlessly, hoping to 'cut the spine of the Ottoman Empire' and to tie up Ottoman troops to garrison the area to allow British advances to the west.
The railway was badly damaged with many sections abandoned after the war. Today a railway workshop continues to operate in Ma'an in order to facilitate the running railway line between Amman, Aqaba and the phosphorus mines south of Ma'an. (Ka Wing C)
Comments:
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