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1 Gulden 1948, Netherlands East Indies

in Krause book Number: 98
Years of issue: 1948
Edition:
Signatures: Secretaris: Met H. Teunissen (in office from 10.11.1946 till 30.06.1953), President: Dr. R. E. Smits (in office from 10.11.1946 till 13.09.1949)
Serie: 1948 Issue
Specimen of: 1948
Material: Cotton fiber
Size (mm): 124 х 64
Printer: Joh. Enschede en Zonen, Haarlem

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1 Gulden 1948

Description

Watermark:

Avers:

1 Gulden 1948

Two African oil palms on the beach.

Denominations in numerals are in top left corner and on right side, in words centered in Dutch and Indonesian languages.

Revers:

1 Gulden 1948

Denominations in numerals are in lower left and upper right corners. Centered, on top, is the monogram of "De Javasche Bank".

Above and below, in two squares, are warnings of punishment for forgery of banknotes:

on right side - in Dutch language.

on left side - in Indonesian language.

The title is repeated 3 times in different font sizes: "Het Namaken of verfalschen van bankbiljetten het opzettelijk uitgeven of in voorraad hebben van valsche of vervalschte bankbiljetten is strafbaar".

In English: "Deliberate falsification of banknotes or their storage and distribution will be punished by a fine."

Comments:

The issue in 1946 of the first Indonesian rupiah by the provisional Republican government in Jakarta resulted in conflict between the rival currencies and administrations. The Dutch money was not tolerated by the Indonesian nationalists, who insisted on the use of only Indonesian money.

After 1946 De Javasche Bank resumed note production, with 5, 10 and 25 gulden notes. These bore in Indonesian language the word "roepiah". The NICA gulden, on the other hand, bore the image of the Dutch Queen, and was far from sensitive to nationalist feeling. Further notes simply saying "Indonesia" were issued in 10 and 25 sen denominations in 1947.

Between 1946 and 1948 the Dutch succeeded in expanding the area of land under their control, but international feeling was against them, so in November 1949, peace was brokered. One of the conditions was that "De Javasche Bank" remained as the central bank of the new nation of "Republik Indonesia Serikat" (United States of Indonesia). Thus the first internationally recognized currency of the new nation of Indonesia still bore the words "gulden", and "De Javasche Bank", reusing the 1946 (even retaining the date, 1946) De Javasche Bank notes, changing only the colour, and with additional denominations of 50, 100, 500 and 1000 gulden. Further De Javasche Bank notes, in a new design, were dated "1948", with 1⁄2, 1 and 2 1⁄2 gulden denominations, and were also issued upon Indonesian independence, along with new "Republik Indonesia Serikat" notes in 5 and 10 rupiah (not gulden) denominations.

The feeling for "Indonesianization" was strong, and so De Javasche Bank was nationalized and renamed as "Bank Indonesia" over the period 1951 to 1953, and Bank Indonesia rupiah notes began to replace the gulden from 1953.