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20 Dollars 1971, United States of America

in Krause book Number: 442b
Years of issue: 1971
Edition:
Signatures: Treasurer of the United States: Dorothy Andrews Elston Kabis (In office May 8, 1969 – July 3, 1971), Secretary of the Treasury: John Bowden Connally Jr. (In office February 11, 1971 – June 12, 1972)
Serie: 1969 Issue
Specimen of: 1969
Material: 75 % Cotton, 25 % Linen
Size (mm): 156 х 66
Printer: Bureau of Engraving and Printing, U.S. Department of the Treasury, Washington, D.C.

* All pictures marked magnify are increased partially by magnifying glass, the remaining open in full size by clicking on the image.

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20 Dollars 1971

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20 Dollars 1971

Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson

The engraving on banknote is made after the painting by American artist Thomas Sully in 1842. The engraver is Alfred W. Seely.

Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 - June 8, 1845) was the seventh President of the United States (1829-1837). He was born near the end of the colonial era, somewhere near the then-unmarked border between North and South Carolina, into a recently immigrated Scots-Irish farming family of relatively modest means. During the American Revolutionary War Jackson, whose family supported the revolutionary cause, acted as a courier. He was captured, at age 13, and mistreated by his British captors. He later became a lawyer. He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, and then to the U.S. Senate. In 1801, Jackson was appointed colonel in the Tennessee militia, which became his political as well as military base. Jackson owned hundreds of slaves who worked on the Hermitage plantation which he acquired in 1804. He killed a man in a duel in 1806, over a matter of honor regarding his wife Rachel. Jackson gained national fame through his role in the War of 1812, most famously where he won a decisive victory over the main British invasion army at the Battle of New Orleans. Jackson's army was then sent to Florida where he deposed the small Spanish garrison. This led directly to the treaty which formally transferred Florida from Spain to the United States.

Nominated for president in 1824, Jackson narrowly lost to John Quincy Adams. Jackson's supporters then founded what became the Democratic Party. Nominated again in 1828, Jackson crusaded against Adams and the "corrupt bargain" between Adams and Henry Clay he said cost him the 1824 election. Building on his base in the West and new support from Virginia and New York, he won by a landslide. The Adams campaigners called him and his wife Rachel Jackson "bigamists"; she died just after the election and he called the slanderers "murderers," swearing never to forgive them. His struggles with Congress were personified in his personal rivalry with Clay, whom Jackson deeply disliked, and who led the opposition (the emerging Whig Party). As president, he faced a threat of secession from South Carolina over the "Tariff of Abominations" which Congress had enacted under Adams. In contrast to several of his immediate successors, he denied the right of a state to secede from the union, or to nullify federal law. The Nullification Crisis was defused when the tariff was amended and Jackson threatened the use of military force if South Carolina (or any other state) attempted to secede.

Congress attempted to reauthorize the Second Bank of the United States several years before the expiration of its charter, which he opposed. He vetoed the renewal of its charter in 1832, and dismantled it by the time its charter expired in 1836. Jackson's presidency marked the beginning of the ascendancy of the "spoils system" in American politics. Also, he supported, signed, and enforced the Indian Removal Act, which relocated a number of native tribes to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). He faced and defeated Henry Clay in the 1832 Presidential Election, and opposed Clay generally. Jackson supported his vice president Martin Van Buren, who was elected president in 1836. He worked to bolster the Democratic Party and helped his friend James K. Polk win the 1844 presidential election.

To the left of the portrait is the Federal Reserve District Seal. The name of the Federal Reserve Bank that issued the note encircles a capital letter, (A-L), identifying it among the twelve Federal Reserve Banks. The sequential number of the bank, (1: A, 2: B, etc.), is also displayed in the four corners of the open space on the bill. Until the redesign of the higher denominations of currency beginning in 1996, this seal was found on all denominations of Federal Reserve Notes. Since then it is only present on the $1 and $2 notes, with the higher denominations only displaying a universal Federal Reserve System seal, and the bank letter and number beneath the serial number.

To the right of Andrew Jackson is the Treasury Department seal.

The balancing scales represent justice. The chevron with thirteen stars represents the original thirteen colonies. The key below the chevron represents authority and trust; 1789 is the year that the Department of the Treasury was established. The series 1969 dollar bills were the first to use a simplified Treasury Seal, with the wording in English instead of Latin.

Below the FRD seal (to the left of Andrew Jackson) is the signature of the Treasurer of the U.S., which occasionally varies, and below the USDT Seal (right side) is the Secretary of the Treasury's signature. To the left of the Secretary's signature is the series date. A new series date will result from a change in the Secretary of the Treasury, the Treasurer of the United States, and/or a change to the note's appearance such as a new currency design.

Denominations in numerals are in all corners. In words lower.

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20 Dollars 1971

The white house

The White House in Washington, view from south.

The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States, located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C. It has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams in 1800.

The house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia Creek sandstone in the Neoclassical style. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the house in 1801, he (with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe) expanded the building outward, creating two colonnades that were meant to conceal stables and storage. However, in 1814, during the War of 1812, the mansion was set ablaze by the British Army in the Burning of Washington, destroying the interior and charring much of the exterior. Reconstruction began almost immediately, and President James Monroe moved into the partially reconstructed Executive Residence in October 1817. Construction continued with the addition of the South Portico in 1824 and the North in 1829.

Because of crowding within the executive mansion itself, President Theodore Roosevelt had all work offices relocated to the newly constructed West Wing in 1901. Eight years later, President William Howard Taft expanded the West Wing and created the first Oval Office which was eventually moved as the section was expanded. In the main mansion, the third-floor attic was converted to living quarters in 1927 by augmenting the existing hip roof with long shed dormers. A newly constructed East Wing was used as a reception area for social events; Jefferson's colonnades connected the new wings. East Wing alterations were completed in 1946, creating additional office space. By 1948, the house's load-bearing exterior walls and internal wood beams were found to be close to failure. Under Harry S. Truman, the interior rooms were completely dismantled and a new internal load-bearing steel frame constructed inside the walls. Once this work was completed, the interior rooms were rebuilt.

The modern-day White House complex includes the Executive Residence, West Wing, East Wing, the Eisenhower Executive Office Building - the former State Department, which now houses offices for the President's staff and the Vice President—and Blair House, a guest residence. The Executive Residence is made up of six stories—the Ground Floor, State Floor, Second Floor, and Third Floor, as well as a two-story basement. The term White House is often used as a metonym for the Executive Office of the President of the United States and for the president's administration and advisers in general, as in "The White House has decided that....". The property is a National Heritage Site owned by the National Park Service and is part of the President's Park. In 2007, it was ranked second on the American Institute of Architects list of "America's Favorite Architecture".

The white house

From an Article of 2017:

"For nearly 200 years, a towering, leafy magnolia tree has cast its shade over the south façade of the White House. It is believed that Andrew Jackson brought the tree to the capital, planting a magnolia seedling on White House grounds as a memorial to his beloved wife. But the Jackson Magnolia, as this historic tree is known, is now in bad shape. And as Kate Bennett of CNN first reported earlier this week, specialists feel they have no choice but to cut it down.

Despite multiple attempts to save it, the Jackson Magnolia has been declining for decades. A large portion of the tree is scheduled to be removed this week. The decision was prompted by a United States National Arboretum assessment that found that the “overall architecture and structure of the tree is greatly compromised and the tree is completely dependent on the artificial support.” The support system, which consists of a steel pole and cabling, is also failing. And the magnolia is too weak to withstand further interventions, according to Sarah Kaplan of the Washington Post.

Officials are particularly concerned because visitors and members of the press often stand in front of the tree when President Donald Trump leaves the White House on Marine One. A strong gust of wind whirled up by the helicopter could send the tree’s delicate limbs toppling down.

It was ultimately First Lady Melania Trump who made the call to cut back the Jackson Magnolia. "Mrs. Trump personally reviewed the reports from the United States National Arboretum and spoke at length with her staff about exploring every option before making the decision to remove a portion of the Magnolia tree,” Stephanie Grisham, a spokesperson for Melania Trump told CNN’s Bennett. Trump has asked that wood from the tree be preserved.

As the story goes, the iconic magnolia came to the White House as a seedling in 1829, following Jackson’s victory in an unusually hostile election campaign. Days after Jackson won the presidential race, his wife Rachel died. She had been ill for several years, but the vitriol of the campaign, in which her morality and the validity of her marriage was questioned, is believed to have made her sicker. Jackson, certainly, blamed her death on his political opponents. When he moved into the White House, Jackson reportedly requested that a sprout from Rachel’s favorite Magnolia tree, which stood on the couple’s farm in Hermitage, Tennessee, be planted on the grounds.

Over the years, the Jackson Magnolia has become a beloved White House fixture. Between 1928 and 1998, it was featured on the back of the $20 bill. According to Kaplan, President Herbert Hoover liked to breakfast in the shade of the tree. First Lady Laura Bush commissioned a set of White House china inspired by the magnolia’ blossoms. Barack Obama gifted seedlings from the tree to both Israel and Cuba as a symbol of friendship.

Fortunately, White House groundskeepers have long been preparing for the Jackson Magnolia’s ultimate demise. According to CNN’s Bennett, healthy offshoots of the tree are being grown at “an undisclosed greenhouse-like location.” When the magnolia comes down, it will be replaced by one of its offspring, which may very well offer shade to the nation’s first families for another 200 years." (www.smithsonianmag.com)

An inscription: "In God we trust" is above.

"In God We Trust" is the official motto of the United States. It was adopted as the nation's motto in 1956 as an alternative or replacement to the unofficial motto of E pluribus unum, which was adopted when the Great Seal of the United States was created and adopted in 1782. Many people have expressed objections to its use, and have sought to have the religious reference removed from the currency, claiming that it violates the First Amendment.

"In God we trust" first appeared on U.S. coins in 1864 and has appeared on paper currency since 1957. A law passed in a Joint Resolution by the 84th Congress (P.L. 84-140) and approved by President Dwight Eisenhower on July 30, 1956 declared "IN GOD WE TRUST" must appear on currency. This phrase was first used on paper money in 1957, when it appeared on the one-dollar silver certificate. The first paper currency bearing the phrase entered circulation on October 1, 1957.

Denominations in numerals are in all corners. In words lower.

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Banknote issued in circulation by the branch of Federal Reserve in San-Francisco, CA.

1969: The new treasury seal appears on all denominations, including the $20.