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1000 Rubles 1920, Russia

in Krause book Number: K11.13.8
Years of issue: 27.07.1920
Edition:
Signatures: Unknown signature
Serie: The Far Eastern Republic (April 6, 1920 - November 15, 1922)
Specimen of: 1920
Material: Cotton fiber
Size (mm): 174 х 106
Printer: Иркутская фабрика государственных бумаг

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1000 Rubles 1920

Description

Watermark:

Avers:

1000 Rubles 1920

Unlike just usual "credit bills" the thousand-ruble sign is called a "state credit bill". On its front side is a taiga landscape with a plow, in the foreground, against a background of a mountainous, river landscape.

Denominations in numerals are on right and left sides.

Revers:

1000 Rubles 1920

A peasant in bast shoes, with a scythe, standing in a field, bedded with sheaves.

coat

On top, right of center, is the coat of arms of the Far Eastern republic.

On all credit bills of the Ulan-Ude issue the coat of arms of Far Eastern republic was depicted: a sheaf of ears with crossed, like a sickle and a hammer, an anchor and a digging single-pointed kyle (gold digger picking for artisanal gold mining). Such a coat of arms symbolized the unity of the three main regions that were part of the republic: Primorye (anchor), Priamurye (sheaf) and Transbaikalia (kailo).

Denominations in numerals are repeated 3 times, in words at the bottom.

Comments:

The Far Eastern Republic (Russian: Дальневосточная Республика, ДВР, tr. Dalnevostochnaya Respublika, DVR), sometimes called the Chita Republic, was a nominally independent state that existed from April 1920 to November 1922 in the easternmost part of the Russian Far East. Although nominally independent, it was largely controlled by the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) and its main purpose was to be a buffer state between the RSFSR and the territories occupied by Japan during the Russian Civil War. Its first president was Alexander Krasnoshchyokov.

The Far Eastern Republic occupied the territory of modern Zabaykalsky Krai, Amur Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, and Primorsky Krai of Russia (the former Transbaikal and Amur oblasts and Primorsky krai). Its capital was established at Verkhneudinsk (now Ulan-Ude), but in October 1920 it was moved to Chita.

After the fall of Vladivostok on 25 October 1922, the civil war was declared over. Three weeks later, on 15 November 1922, the Far Eastern Republic was merged with the RSFSR.

The money of the Far Eastern Republic was called "buffers" among the people.

In mid-March 1920, after the defeat of the armies of Admiral A.V. Kolchak in Siberia, the advance of the Red Army units had to be stopped at the turn of Lake Baikal. The Soviet government, in order to avoid a military conflict with Japan, decided to postpone for a while the restoration of Soviet power throughout the Far East and create a buffer democratic state - the Far Eastern Republic (DDA) - between Soviet Russia and Japan. Which - like any other state - took their own money.

The republic was proclaimed on April 6, 1920 in the city of Verkhneudinsk (Ulan-Ude). The republic consisted of: Transbaikal, Amur, Primorsky regions, as well as Northern Sakhalin and Kamchatka.

At first, in the vast territory of the republic, there were a lot of various surrogate banknotes issued earlier by a number of local governments, as well as foreign states neighboring the Far Eastern region. These banknotes were not linked by any course and had a free quote. Many of the banknotes were ornamentally decorated using monarchical or white-guard symbols. Therefore, the government of the FER had to urgently restore order in the money market, for which to issue its own banknotes, ornamented in the spirit of the times.

The first information about the issue of such money appeared in early July 1920 - a report on this was published by the newspaper "Far Eastern Republic", which was published in the city of Verkhneudinsk: "The Ministry of Finance received and in the near future is expected to issue new banknotes of the Far Eastern Republic 3- and 10 rubles.

A month later, the same newspaper published a government decree that determined the main features of this money. According to the decree of July 27, 1920, the new banknotes of the 1920 model were issued "in order to replace the money symbols of various designs circulating in the republic with signs that correspond in appearance to the new republican forms of the state system of the Far Eastern Republic." It was reported that new banknotes were to be issued worth of 3, 10 and 1000 rubles under the name "Credit bill of the Far Eastern Republic."

Soon the series of credit tickets given in the decree was supplemented with bills of 1, 5 rubles.

Thus, the full series of credit bills issued in Verkhneudinsk was represented by the following notes: 1, 3, 5, 10 and 1000 rubles.

According to newspaper reports, during the summer of 1920, the Irkutsk factory producing state securities on the instructions of the government in Verkhneudinsk issued "credit bills of the Far Eastern Republic" worth 1, 3, 5 and 10 rubles in traditional color tones on good quality paper, but without watermarks . In the people, all the notes of the FER credit cards were called "buffers."

As far as manufacturing in Irkutsk, credit tickets went to Verkhneudinsk, where they were issued in circulation.

Tickets worth from 1 to 10 rubles had a variety of ornamental and artistic design. On bills in 1, 3 and 5 rubles the coat of arms occupied the central position of the front side, on the ten-ruble ticket - the central position of the reverse side. On bills of 1 and 3 rubles above the coat of arms is depicted a five-pointed star, and on bills of 5 and 10 rubles it was absent. Finally, the coat of arms of a ruble denominated credit card is presented against the backdrop of the sun's rays.

A money symbol worth 1,000 rubles, unlike all other signs of the series, for some reason was called the "State credit bill of the Far Eastern Republic." On it, as well as on tickets of small dignity, the same coat of arms is used, which, however, is not located in the center of the back side. On the front of his face is a taiga landscape with a plow in the foreground. On the reverse side - a peasant with a scythe near a field, packed with sheaves.

During the period of the Ulan-Ude issue, credit cards were issued in the amount of 1,906,891,200 rubles.