500 Kroner 1997, Denmark
| in Krause book | Number: 58a |
| Years of issue: | 12.09.1997 |
| Edition: | -- |
| Signatures: | Governor: Torben Nielsen, Head of Banking Services: Tage Heering |
| Serie: | Famous personalities |
| Specimen of: | 12.09.1997 |
| Material: | Cotton fiber |
| Size (mm): | 155 х 72 |
| Printer: | Banknote Printing Works and The Royal Danish Mint, Copenhagen |
* All pictures marked 
are increased partially by magnifying glass, the remaining open in full size by clicking on the image.
** The word "Specimen" is present only on some of electronic pictures, in accordance with banknote images publication rules of appropriate banks.
Description
Watermark:
Niels Bohr.
Hologram: The atom, the Roman numeral "D" and the number "500" are in window in top left corner. Security thread. Fluorescent fibres.
The engraving for watermark is made after this photo of Niels Bohr. The photo made by Swedish company "AB Lagrelius & Westphal" in 1922, used by the Nobel Foundation for most photos of its book series "Les Prix Nobel" (Niels Bohr's Nobel Prize biography).
Avers:
The engraving on banknote is made after this photo of Niels Bohr with pipe by Danish Firma "Jacobsen, Herdis & Herm". Today it is in Royal library, portraits department, in Copenhagen.
The Danish Central Bank was heavily criticized by the Danish Cancer Society for choosing a portrait of Dr Bohr smoking a pipe, in an age of smoking bans.
Niels Henrik David Bohr (7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr was also a philosopher and a promoter of scientific research. One of the few people who did not belong to the Danish royal family, the kingdom received the highest award - the Order of the Elephant.
Bohr developed the Bohr model of the atom, in which he proposed that energy levels of electrons are discrete and that the electrons revolve in stable orbits around the atomic nucleus but can jump from one energy level (or orbit) to another. Although the Bohr model has been supplanted by other models, its underlying principles remain valid. He conceived the principle of complementarity: that items could be separately analyzed in terms of contradictory properties, like behaving as a wave or a stream of particles. The notion of complementarity dominated Bohr's thinking in both science and philosophy.
Bohr founded the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen, now known as the Niels Bohr Institute, which opened in 1920. Bohr mentored and collaborated with physicists including Hans Kramers, Oskar Klein, George de Hevesy and Werner Heisenberg. He predicted the existence of a new zirconium-like element, which was named hafnium, after the Latin name for Copenhagen, where it was discovered. Later, the element bohrium was named after him.
During the 1930s, Bohr helped refugees from Nazism. After Denmark was occupied by the Germans, he had a famous meeting with Heisenberg, who had become the head of the German nuclear energy project. In September 1943, word reached Bohr that he was about to be arrested by the Germans, and he fled to Sweden. From there, he was flown to Britain, where he joined the British Tube Alloys nuclear weapons project, and was part of the British mission to the Manhattan Project. After the war, Bohr called for international cooperation on nuclear energy. He was involved with the establishment of CERN and the Research Establishment Risø of the Danish Atomic Energy Commission, and became the first chairman of the Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics in 1957. 
The House of David and Jenny Adler (grandfather and grandmother of Niels Bohr on mothers line) in Copenhagen, on Ved Stranden 14, where Niels Bohr was born.
In the background, behind the portrait of Niels Bohr, are the blue and orange symbols of Yin and Yang, which are present on the coat of arms of physics.
The scientist used the Tai Chi, yin-yang symbol in his coat of arms. In his view, the polarized particles complement one another just as the two opposing forces of yin and yang creates a balance in the universe, in the Taoist understanding. Niels Bohr spoke of the unity of opposites in nature.
Denominations in numerals are centered and in top right corner. In words is centered.
Revers:
Engraving on a very well-preserved baptismal font of the church in the village of Lihme, Denmark. The baptismal font is made of granite. On it is engraved picture of the struggle knight, in armor, with the dragon. The engraving dates back to around 1150.
Lihme Church is one of Denmark's oldest stone churches. It is located 22 kilometers north-west from Skive, in the village Lihme, Viborg district.
The impressive church has some fine architectural details inspired by Anglo-Norman church building, but the building brings at the same time witness about the meeting between the Viking Period's ornaments and the early Romanesque building period. The church was built in the period between 1050-1100 and was in 1176 inaugurated to St. Vincentius - a popular saint in England - which is also an indication of the Anglo Norman influence. Maybe the Danish magnate, who let build the church, had been on a trip to England and brought back with him a master builder to build his magnificent church.
The nave and choir are Romanesque, the tower was built in 1150. The upper section of the tower and the porch are late Gothic from 1450-1500. The nave is in raw granite formed like field stone. The corners are strengthened with granite ashlars like the Romnanesque windows are framed with granite ashlars.
On the east corners of the choir are below the roof edge placed some projecting ashlars in the shape of animal figures. Choir and apse are in granite ashlars of a various size from small cleaved field stones up to the classic Jutland rectangular ashlars. The two primitive half pillars tells about the antiquity of the church.
The Romanesque doors are special. Their relief patterns are inspired by the Nordic wooden church decorations and represents the transition between the Viking Period's slyngornamentik and the Romanesque brick patterns of the church. Both doors are preserved in the nave. They are round arched, and especially the walled north portal is interesting because of a rare rundstavsmønster, inspired by early Anglo Norman form (Roll-Billet).
The preserved bottom part of the tower has a projecting picture frieze with consols formed like human heads.
Inside the church the Romanesque choir arch is preserved. The apse has a halvkuppelhvælv (half dome vault) and the nave has a beamed ceiling, while the choir in the late Middle Ages was equipped with an octagonal vault and the tower room with a cross vault. In 1983 fragments of a frescoe in the tower room was uncovered, a picture of St. Peder with Himmeriges nøgler (Heaven's keys). In the choir vault are unique frescoes dated 1513. They show strange crosses, bells , vrængemasker (caricatures) and other symbols surrounded by decorative inscriptions, and they remind about Irish motives from the early Middle Ages.
In the choir are two coat of arms of Niels Friis and the Catholic bishop in Viborg, Erik Kaas, who was a descendant from the manor Kaas by Lihme. The communion table is walled and plastered. The altar piece is Renaissance from about 1600. Upon the altar chalice is engraved the coat of arms of Jens Hvas of Kaas and Ingeborg Kruse. The pulpit is Renaissance with allegoric paintings from the 1700s. The upper pew gables are painted with the year 1642 and the paternal and maternal coat of arms of fru Jytte Høeg. (thyrashm.blogspot.de)
Denominations in numeral and in words are in top right corner.
Comments:
All Danish banknotes issued since 1945, remain in force and will be exchanged at face value by the Danish National Bank.
Put into circulation on September 12, 1997.
Modification issued at September 24, 2003.
Withdrawn February 15, 2011.
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